First off, AQ and the Taliban are not one and the same. The formation of the Taliban had little to do with the US (been reading a book on the history of the Taliban) and it appears the Taliban movement arose as a reaction to the brutal internecine warfare that was happening, warlordism and chaos was supreme, the Taliban were an alternative to that, they offered a unifying force against all the various factions under the comfort of a strong Islamic based blanket.
When the movement really took hold, warlords were pushed back, many surrendered and swaths of the population were disarmed. The trade off, was utterly strict adherence to probably the most militant enforcement of sharia law and throwback extremist islam ever seen in modern times. All that stuff about banning music, subjugating women, edicts about shaving your beard, etc etc took hold.
Had little to do with US antisoviet policy at that point...though it can be argued that the earliest foundations of Islamist power got a boost from the CIA/ISI support structure, the actual rise of the Taliban was more of a reaction of desperate people stuck in endless civil wars.
Al Qaeda just happened to find a safe haven there, being extremist muslims themselves... OBL had previosly been based in Sudan until they threw him out probably due to international pressure once he became a wanted terrorist after the African embassy bombings.{edit, it was actually earlier than that, after the attempt on Mubarek} Some have already pointed out the reasons for AQ's formation, I'd add that not only was it OBL's hate for the Saudi Royal family (selling out to the west) but it was also being spurned by them; he had offered to be the protector of the Holy Lands, and SA said "no thanks, we're bringing in the Americans" I think this "spurning" was the start of it, with the galling presence of American boots in the Kingdom. Much of the other stuff (support of Israel, killing of muslims in Iraq with the sanctions, etc) was added later on as the US 'kaffirs' were turned into the great satan and the rhetoric ramped up.
Of course there is a certain amount of overlap, and especially once the US went back over in 2001, Mullah Omar put AQ "in the fold" when he wouldn't give them up, and certainly the two entities have the extremist thing in common.
I find myself agreeing with those who are saying that 9/11 likely wouldn't have happened without the extremist (religious) element.
Last edited by Vax (2008-08-07 13:25:41)