hubble was definitely a paradigm leap, but JWST is just leagues ahead on so many fronts beyond basic optics/range.
JWST's research projects are firmly part of the AI/machine-learning era. there have been several massive all-sky or similar surveys undertaken in the last 20-30 years, e.g. sloan digital sky survey, the gaia survey, etc, that has fetched data on billions of galaxies. using cutting-edge AI algorithms we are able to find interesting candidates, e.g. of gravitational lensing or potential quasars, etc, to generate shortlists of targets for JWST's 'shotgun mic' option. a lot of research into quasars or exoplanets before AI and big data, using teams of human researchers with primitive technology like radio arrays on earth, made the mostly manual search for space objects a bit like fishing for samples in the pacific ocean using a thimble.
ditto for exoplanets, which is where JWST is really going to deliver. massive projects like TESS, the transiting exoplanet survey satellite, have been generating shortlists of potential systems with exoplanets in them. JWST will, for the first time, be able to zoom-in to these planets at an unbelievable level of detail, so that we can confirm suppositions about the chemical signatures of planetary atmospheres for the first time with high-quality data. exoplanetary research is one of the current forefronts of astrophysics, a very young field comparatively speaking. we've only found about 5k exoplanets in the milky way and a handful of 'extragalactic' exoplanets. JWST is going to be a huge boon to that research.
pretty sure in the next few weeks a lot of papers are going to be published identifying faraway exoplanets with confirmed water signatures, if not even potential markers of biological processes. on planets potentially even in other galaxies. it took us until very recently to even get that sort of detailed information about, say, the moons of jupiter, like the galilean moons, using physical probes. it's going to blow the doors wide open.
Last edited by uziq (2022-07-12 13:57:09)